Young Great White Shark Bite Isn't That Great
年幼大白鲨咬人不会太严重
They’re everyone’s worst nightmare when it comes to swimming in the ocean: great white sharks. That’s despite the fact that the number of fatal shark attacks annually can usually be counted on the fingers of one still attached hand. But a new study finds that until great whites get at least three meters long, they’re less [Jaws music] and more [gentle music]. Because a full-force bite could wind up hurting them.
大白鲨——这是每个海中畅游者最大的噩梦。尽管事实上，每年发生的致命的鲨鱼攻击屈指可数，人们依旧谈鲨色变。一项新研究发现，在大白鲨凶残。成长到三米之前，它们的温柔大过凶残。这是因为如果它们竭尽全力一口咬下去，恐怕会以让自己受伤告终。
In research published in the Journal of Biomechanics [Stephen Wroe et al., article in press], scientists used 3-D computers models and advanced engineering techniques to study how sharks hunt and kill their food.
这项研究发表在《生物力学》杂志上，文中表明，科学家们利用3-D计算机模型和先进的工程技术来研究鲨鱼是如何猎杀猎物的。
Great whites have jaws and teeth that are perfect for a powerful chomp on prey ranging from small fish to large marine mammals. But the researchers were surprised to find that a shark less than three meters long only looks like it could manage that killer bite. Because it hasn’t developed enough stiff, mineralized cartilage yet. A bite that would be lethal to a large marine mammal could damage the shark’s jaws.
从小型鱼类到大型海洋哺乳动物，捕食这些猎物需要强壮有力的咬合力，大白鲨的颚跟齿对此而言堪称完美。然而，研究人员惊奇的发现，体长小于三米的鲨鱼仅仅是看上去凶巴巴，因为它们还没有发育出拥有足够刚性和矿化的软骨，对一个大型海洋哺乳动物的致命一咬会损坏鲨鱼自己的颚。
The finding may explain why the few shark attacks that do happen on people are rarely fatal—until it’s pretty big, the great white’s reputation is worse than its bite.
这一发现或许可以解释为何一些人的确受到鲨鱼攻击却极少致命——只要大白鲨的体型还不够大，它咬下去的那一口就没有它的名声大。
—Cynthia Graber
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