备考英语四六级首先要端正自己的学习态度,养成良好的学习习惯,要学会归纳重点。下面是小编给大家整理的英语四级改错题常考要点,大家可以作为学习的参考。
谓语动词
(一) 谓语动词的主谓一致
①、主谓分割原则
例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle, America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom.
分析:symbolize应改为symbolizes。主语谓语用逗号分割开,主语the bald eagle为单数,谓语动词也应该用单数形式。
②、与后者一致原则
not…but, 强调but后面的名词,
not only…but also
③、与前者一致原则
名词+with/together with/as well as/including+复数名词,谓语用is,
中心词在前面,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致
例:The athlete, together with his coach and several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games.
分析:谓语动词应该与the athlete 保持一致,所以are改为is
④、就近原则
or, either…or, neither…nor,
单数名词+or+复数名词+are
如果把句子变为一般疑问句,也就是把be动词提到前面,那么变为is
所以注意一点: 如果是陈述句,靠后面近,用复数
如果是疑问句,靠前面近,用单数
例:The structure or behavior of many protozoans are amazingly complex for single-celled animals.
分析:or应改为and。从谓语动词是复数形式判断,主语应该为复数,or连接两个名词时动词和后面的名词保持一致,behavior是用单数形式,因此只有改为并列连词and才能使主谓在数上保持一致。
⑤定语从句主语就近原则
There are five apples that are red.
apples是复数,因此从句谓语动词是复数。
例:A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets carry a supply that last just a few seconds.
分析:last应改为lasts。从句的逻辑主语a supply为单数,其谓语动词应为单数形式。
⑥the +形容词主谓一致
The rich are not always happier than the poor.
The rich 表示一类人,应该用复数
⑦、倒装句的主谓一致
改错题倒装句的主谓一致一般考两种情况:
a. there be 句型
there be+名词+名词,那么最近的名词决定其形式
b. between/ among 放在句首+be+名词,名词其实是主语,所以be和名词保持一致
例:There are no known society in which left-handed people predominate.
分析:there be 句型由最近的名词决定其形式,society当然用单数,所以there are 改为there is
例:Between the foothills of the Andes and the Pacific Ocean are a dry coastal strip averaging about 30 miles in width.
分析:倒装句,are改为is
例:Among the favorite attractions at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington D.C. are the film presented on the five-story-tall screen.
分析:film应改为films , 主语实际上是名词,应该与谓语动词保持一致。
⑧、百分比结构的主谓一致
fifty percent of + 名词
one percent of + 名词
谓语动词的形式和百分比多少没有关系,主要取决于后面的名词,比如:
one percent of my students + are
fifty percent of my time is spent on working.
这里要强调两个结构
half of =fifty percent
most of + 可数名词 + are
most of + 不可数名词+ is
例:Nearly half of the ancient meteor craters has been found in central and eastern Canada.
分析:has been应改为have been。介词of的宾语为复数名词短语,作主语的中心词half当然表复数,相应的谓语动词应为复数形式。
例:Approximately fifty percent of the package utilized in the United States are for foods and beverages.
分析:package应改为packages。从谓语动词用复数形式判断出主语是复数名词。注意food用复数表示不同种类的食品,beverage用复数表示不同种类的饮料。
考前的充分准备可以让考试过程中更好的发挥,以上就是四级备考要点整理,希望可以给大家带来帮助。