沪研专题
2009年硕士研究生招生简章
2009年考研大纲&解析汇总
2005 Text 41、In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing. The Degradation of language and Music and why we should like, care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.
【译文】 在其近作《做我们自己的事：语言和音乐的退化及为什么我们应该喜欢或在意？》中，约翰·麦克沃特—一位语言学家，一个兼有自由主义和保守主义思想的争议人物—认为60年代反文化运动的胜利应对正式英语的退化负责。
【析句】该句子的主干是John McWhorte sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline。主语前的介词短语in his latest book做状语，book后有一个较长的书名充当其同位语。主语和谓语之间为主语的同位语，对主语补充说明。
2、As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas.
【译文】作为一名语言学家，麦荷特认为各种各样的人类语言，包括像黑人语言这样的非标准语言，都具有强大的表达力――世上没有传达不了复杂思想的语言或方言。
【析句】该句子的主干是he acknowledges that all varieties can be expressive，谓语acknowledges后面是that引导的宾语从句。从句中主谓之间插入了介词短语including non-standard ones like Black English。破折号后面分句对前面话语进行补充说明。
3、Mr.McWhorter’s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom” ,for example, to be natural and no more regranttable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.
【译文】McWhorter先生的专长是语言，历史和变革。举一个例子，他目睹了whom的逐渐消亡，他认为这很自然而且并不比古英语的消亡可惜。
【析句】本句是一个并列句，包含两个以and连接的分句，其中第二个分句比较复杂：宾语是the gradual disappearance of “whom”,后面是插入语for example, 接着是to be natural and no more regranttable，这一部分作上述宾语的补足语，最后是比较结构no more… than（象…一样不…）。
4、While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page.
【译文】 在60年代以前，甚至仅受过一般教育的人在下笔时都要寻求一种更高雅的腔调，但在那之后，即使是最受关注的文章也开始把口语用于写作。
【析句】句首的连词while表示“虽然”，两个even都表示让步，同时加强了前后两部分的对比；since then 意思是“从那以后”，then指的是the 1960s。
△本句的难点是对连词以及时间副词的理解。
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