伴随状语是指状语的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。伴随状语的逻辑主语一般情况下必须是全句的主语，伴随状语与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。
一、伴随状语的用法
(1)使用分词形式
The dog entered the room, following his master(这条狗跟着主人进了屋)。The master entered the room,followed by his dog(主人进了屋，后面跟着他的狗)。
(2)用with复合结构
The little girls were playing with snow with their hands frozen red(小女孩们在玩雪，手都冻红了)。
(3)用独立主格结构
The little boy goes to school, the little dog accompanying him every day(这小孩每天去上学，那条小狗陪伴着他)。
(4)用形容词
Crusoe went home, full of fear(克鲁索满怀恐惧地回家)。Confident of the victory the players are fighting hard(运动员们对比赛夺胜满怀信心奋力拼搏)。
(5)用名词
He went away a beggar but retumed a millionaire(他讨吃要饭离家，腰缠万贯回归)。He who had been twice prime minister of the country, died civilian(他曾两度出任这个国家的，而死的时候却是一个平民)。
(6)用介词短语
The girl came back to her mother in tears.(这女孩眼泪汪汪地回到母亲身边)。How can you go to the wedding party in rags(你怎能衣衫褴褛地去参加婚宴)?I went home out of breath(我上气不接下气地回家)。
扩展资料
1、伴随状语可用现在分词也可用过去分词
He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased.
本句有三个并列谓语，looking 部分为伴随状语。
例题 1)He held up his finger ,_______ a face and nodded his head. B. made
答案：B.此题有and ，需连接并列结构，所填词的形式应与前后保持一致。
2) He sat there in silence, _______sad and doing nothing. A. looking B. looked
答案：A.此题and 之后ing形式，其前面也应该用ing形式，而不能与前面的sat并列。
3)He sat there in silence ,______ nothing.
答案：A.此题才是在逗号之后，需要伴随状误。
4)He set out early, ________ there on time . ng B. and arrived
答案：B.此题两种选项从形式看都有可能，但根据意思看，“到达”并不伴随“出发”的动作，而是明显地有先有后。
5)He made a smile, _____ with the result. A. satisfying B. satisfied
答案：B.伴随状语可用现在分词也可用过去分词，此处表示“感到满意”的一种状态，而satisfying表示令人满意的，此时的satisfied是过去分词，而不是过去式。
2、be about to do sth.
be about to do sth. 正要、即将做某事。是将来时的一种表达方式，表示最近的将来。
①I was about to go to bed when he called.我正要去睡觉，这时他打来了电话。
②When I saw Tom, he was about to get on the bus.我看到汤姆，他正要上汽车。
注意：be about to 通常不用于带有具体时间状语的句子，但可用be going to 表示。
①Hurry up! They are about to start.快点!他们就要走了。
②Hurry up! They are going to start at 10 o’clock.快点!10点钟他们就要走了。
3、be ahead of
该词组有两层意思，一是“优于”，“超过”;二是“比……早”，“在……的前面”。如：
He is well ahead of all the other students in English.
be angry with sb.生某人的气。
be angry at/about sth.因某事而生气。
①Don’t be angry with me for my being late?不要因为我迟到而生我的气。
②What are you angry about?你生什么气?
③He was angry at being kept waiting for so long.让他等了这么久，他很生气。
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伴随状语的特点是它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。它不仅可以由非谓语动词形式构成，还可以由形容词、名词等构成，主要起到补充说明主句中动词所表示的动作或状态的作用。