在一些分级读物和阅读教学书籍中经常会遇见Decoding这个词。那么到底什么是Decoding呢？
网络上给出的定义是：
Decoding is the process of translating print into speech by rapidly matching graphemes (a letter or sequence of letters ) to phonemes (sounds), syllables, and morphemes (meaningful parts of words). It is a tool that enables students to become proficient readers who recognize words effortlessly and rapidly. Because English is an alphabetic language, teaching students to decode words is a crucial element of an effective reading program. Automatic recognize of individual words leads to the fluent readings of strings of words, which in turn leads to full comprehension---the goal of reading instruction.
简单地说，decoding就是孩子看到书上印的字可以读出来，并和自己头脑中已经储存的声音联系起来。由于原先在头脑中是：声音----单词的意思 配对存起来的。这样听到声音就知道意思了。
也就是：
眼睛看到单词---》嘴巴读出声---》耳朵听到声音---》脑子里明白意思
这第一步，眼睛看到单词----》嘴巴读出声，是要通过phonics 的学习（也有孩子无师自通的）这最后一步，耳朵听到声音----》脑子里明白意思 是通过前期大量的听力训练，大量的听力输入积累而来。在大脑里储存了大量 声音----图片，声音----动作 等等 声音和语言意思之间的对应关系的配对。
