Photosynthesis
光合作用
Photosynthesis nutrient chlorophyll vein carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
All living things need food and energy to survive. The food-making and energy process for plants to survive is called photosynthesis. Plants make food and produce oxygen through photosynthesis. The process is complex but with the sun, water, nutrients from the soil, oxygen, and chlorophyll, a plant makes its own food in order to survive.
任何生物都需要食物和能量来生存。植物制造用于生存的养料和能量的方式称为光合作用。植物通过光合作用生成养料和氧气。这个过程很复杂，但是通过阳光、水分、土壤里的养料、氧气和叶绿素，植物能够自养生存。
Chlorophyll is a green chemical inside a plant that allows plants to use the Sun's energy to make food. Without chlorophyll a green plant would not be able to survive.
叶绿素是植物内一种绿色的化合物，它能将太阳能转化为养分。没有叶绿素，绿色植物无法生存。
The following are the steps in photosynthesis:
以下是光合作用的步骤：
1. The sunlight is absorbed through a plant by its leaves, or other green parts.
1、植物通过叶子或其他绿色部分来吸收太阳光。
2. The water and nutrients from the soil are absorbed through the roots of the plant.
2、植物通过根吸收土壤中的水分和养料。
3. The chlorophyll inside the plant's leaves traps the energy from the sunlight.
3、植物叶内的叶绿素将太阳光的能量锁住。
4. Carbon dioxide in the air enters through the leaves of the plants. (Carbon dioxide is carbon and oxygen combined.)
4、植物通过叶子吸收空气中的二氧化碳（二氧化碳是一种碳氧化合物）。
5. Inside the chlorophyll there are chloroplasts which contain water and the carbon dioxide from the air.
5、叶绿素中含有叶绿体，叶绿体中含有水分和来自空气中的二氧化碳。
6. The chloroplasts are like tiny manufacturing plants. The water and carbon dioxide from the air combine to make sugar and water. Basically, it is the food for the plant to survive and grow.
6、叶绿体就像一个小小的制造车间。水和空气中的二氧化碳结合生成糖和水。基本上，这就是用于植物生存和生长的食物。
7. Sugar is then made and released into the veins of the leaf and it spreads throughout the rest of the plant.
7、生成的糖被释放到叶脉中，并分布到植物的其他部分。
8. The oxygen the plant has made is then released into the air.
8、而植物生成的氧气被释放到了空气中。
The entire process is called photosynthesis, and without it people and other animals would not be able to live and grow. This is the reason it is important for the survival of trees and plants. They give off oxygen which help people and other animals to breathe.
The plants also give people and animals food to eat. The food could be the different kinds of fruit or the many varieties of vegetables from apples and oranges to green beans and peas.
整个过程称之为光合作用。没有光合作用，人类和动物将无法生存。这也是树和植物存在的重大意义。因为植物能产生人和动物呼吸需要的氧气。
植物也能作为人和动物的食物。这些食物可以是各种各样的水果或蔬菜，可以是苹果、橘子，也可以是青豆和豌豆。
When people and animals eat this food from the plants it also gives them the energy to live and grow. Without plants, animals and people would not be able to survive.
当人们和动物吃了这些植物后，这些植物将转化为用于生存的能量。没有植物，动物和人类都将无法生存。
During the fall in certain parts of the world photosynthesis no longer takes place. When this happens the leaves begin to turn different colors. The leaves may turn yellow, orange or maybe even red, or a combination of those colors. Surprisingly, these colors are the original colors of the leaves.
在秋天的时候，一些地方将无法进行光合作用。因为到了秋天，叶子开始变换颜色。叶子可能会变成黄色、橘色甚至是红色或者是这些颜色的混合。神奇的是，这些颜色才是叶子本身的颜色。
In the spring and summer there is too much green color from the chlorophyll for the leaves to be seen as their original colors. As the temperature drops, though, the leaves of trees, other than evergreens, stop making the chlorophyll. The chlorophyll begins to vanish and the leaves begin to change colors.
在春天和夏天的时候，太多的叶绿素使叶子几乎看不出它们原本的颜色。然而，随着温度下降，除了常绿植物之外的植物都将停止产生叶绿素。而叶绿素也逐渐消失，于是叶子开始变为原本的颜色。
In summary, photosynthesis is the food-making and energy process for plants to survive. A plant's leaves contain chlorophyll which is a green chemical inside a plant that allows plants to use the Sun's energy to make food. Chloroplast inside the chlorophyll contain water and the carbon dioxide from the air to make the food for the plant to survive. Without photosynthesis, the plants would not be able to live and grow.
本课小结：光合作用是植物制造养料和能量的生存方式。植物的叶子中含有一种绿色化合物成为叶绿素，它能让植物利用太阳能来生成养料、而叶绿体是叶绿素内一种能同化水喝空气中的二氧化碳并制造植物生存的养料的物质。没有光合作用，植物将无法生长和生存。
1) Which of the following statements is true?
A: Chloroplasts are the green chemicals inside a plant that allows plants to use the Sun's energy to make food.
B: Chlorophyll is a green chemical inside a plant that allows plants to use the Sun's energy to make food.
C: Chlorophyll is a green chemical inside the roots of a plant that allows plants to use the Sun's energy to make food.
D: Chlorophyll is a green chemical absorbed into a plant that allows them to use the Sun's energy to make food.
2) Fill in the blank with the correct answer. Carbon dioxide, which is carbon and oxygen combined, in the air enters through the __________of the plants.
A: Roots B: Chlorophyll
C: Leaves D: Energy
3) Food for a plant to survive is
A: Sugar and water B: Carbon and oxygen
C: Chlorophyll D: Chloroplasts
4) Which of the following in plants are like tiny manufacturing plants?
A: Chloroplasts B: Chlorophyll
C: Leaves D: Roots
5) In the fall leaves begin to turn different colors because
A: There is less oxygen in the air for the plants
B: There is too much chlorophyll in the leaves of the plant
C: The carbon dioxide in the air cannot reach the leaves of the plant
D: The temperature begins to drop and leaves cannot produce chlorophyll
6) The color of a leaf with chlorophyll is
A: Red B: Green
C: Orange D: Yellow
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