6月四六级考试还有42天，大家开始复习作文了吗？
写作，四六级考试中神奇的一个板块。
普遍反应拉不开差距的是写作，
四六级上岸之前差的那“临门一脚”往往也是写作。
对于基础较为薄弱的同学来说，写作就是帮你弥补听力阅读的“救命稻草”！
对于想要拿高分的同学来说，写作也决定了你是否能摆脱“中上”的分数段，高分上岸。
今天@沪江英语四六级微信公众号特来分析下作文的出题套路和做题方式，希望能帮大家更有的放矢地复习作文。
下面是@沪江英语四六级微信公众号为大家整理出的近三年四级考试写作真题，一起来看看吧~
搜集近三年四级考试的作文题目，我们可以看到，四级作文命题越来越看重实用性和时效性。
在2020年7月到2023年3月的四级考试中，共计24篇作文，其中应用文高达9篇。
剩余13篇可以分为三个大类：现象类、说明类、议论类，以及23年加考的一篇书籍介绍和研讨会记录。
另外，所有作文的行文都紧紧围绕着“校园（学生）、科技（衍生产品及所带来的影响）”两大主题。
注：本文所用真题范文均为沪江网校教研原创，未经授权，禁止转载。
01 应用文
与其他文体不同，应用文更加看重格式。不同的文体书写的格式也不尽相同。在我们遇到应用文时，只要对症下药，找对格式，然后根据题干要求，“有求必应”，就能一举拿下应用文写作！
以下是近三年四级写作应用文给类别的出现频率：
建议书x3, 计划书x2，报告x2，申请x1，邀请x1
@沪江英语四六级微信公众号为大家总结了以上格式的范文模板，一起来积累吧~
建议书
写作分三步走：
自我介绍、说明来意——具体建议——希望对方采纳、期盼回复。
行文举例：
Dear ____,(称呼可齐头可缩进)
I am... I am writing to...(主体内容)
Looking forward to your reply. / Hoping to hear from you soon. / Wishing you...(结束语)
Yours sincerely(署名)____
经典表达：
常用词汇/短语
feasible 可行的
put forward some advice 提出建议
with regard to 关于;至于
be beneficial to 对……有益
decision-making 决策
take measures 采取措施
be of great importance 很重要
improve the efficiency 提高效率
foresee a future 预见未来
常用句型
(1)表明写信意图：
I am writing this letter to render/give some suggestions on...(写信人主动提出建议)
You have consulted me for some advice about how to..., so I would try to make some constructive suggestions.(写信人受邀给出建议)
(2)提出建议：
I think it would be beneficial if you could...
(3)表达希望：
I would be more than happy if my suggestions could be considered and positive changes could take place in these regards.
真题来源：(2022.6＆9，2023.3）
计划书
计划书是应用文中较为简单的一个类别，对格式的要求也相对较低，计划书一般是围绕着某个活动的举办而写作的，
所以我们一般采用这种结构：背景→举办原因→内容主体（根据题干要求分条陈述）→表达希望。
行文举例：
Nowadays, ... is of utmost importance.（背景论述）
With the propose of ....., .....（sb.） is planning to organize a ......（举办原因）
This program, organized by......is......... It includes.......（根据题干要求进行补充）
All my wishes for success go to this activity.（结尾表示对此次活动的期望与祝愿）。
真题来源：（2021.12）
proposal for holding a college-wide English public speaking contest
Dear Sir or Madam:
I'm 名字, a second-year student from Business Department. I'm writing to make a proposal about holding a college-wide English public speaking contest with the topic of "University as I see it".
The aims of the contest are twofold. First, students all over the University are offered an opportunity to demonstrate their ability to communicate effectively in English. Second, the contest could serve as a forum for students from different background to share their insights and experiences. It is important to note that only a current undergraduate student is eligible for the contest. Each of the contestants would be asked to deliver a prepared speech of 5 minutes and an impromptu speech based on the topic assigned after the prepared speech. The contest would be an off-line event at the International Conference Hall on 日期. A panel from the ESL faculty shall select five finalists from all participants. The finalists would present their speeches after which three winners (and two honorable mentions) would be chosen.
I'm looking forward to your reply. Thank you very much for everything you've done. Wish you all the best.
Yours sincerely,
名字
Proposal for an Orientation Program
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m 名字. I’m writing to make a proposal to conduct an orientation program for freshmen. The major purpose of the orientation program is to enable freshmen to adapt to the campus environment and academic life as soon as possible. The duration of the project is expected to be one week. Participants include all freshmen, teachers and academic staff.
The orientation is divided into three parts: a school lecture, a student activity and a campus tour. In the school lecture, we will introduce the school background, professional training objectives and how to select courses, so as to help students quickly embark on their learning journey. At the student activity, there will be some interesting games to help freshmen get to know each other quickly and make contacts. The last part is a campus tour, where students will visit the school's teaching building, library, restaurant, and so on, so as to help them to quickly adjust to campus life.
I hope the freshmen can quickly adapt to the new environment and academic studies through this orientation. I’m looking forward to your reply. Wish you all the best.
Yours sincerely,
名字
报告
报告是针对过去发生的活动或者事件的陈述，报告强调的是facts。陈述的客观性是报告文体的特点，所以我们在写报告时不能带有个人色彩，要避免反问句一类的口语化表达。
行文举例：
Report on .......（标题）
On...（时间）...went to...(导语：揭示核心内容).
After their arrival, they...... Then they..... When......(正文：对事件或人物进行详细描写).
What they did has......./This activity/ program has.....(结束语：概括、总结或预测)
真题来源：（2021.12,2022.9）
Report on Used Books Collecting on Campus
I have just participated in a school project of collecting used books on campus which I find really rewarding. Here are some details of the project.
The aim of the project is to donate books to a primary school in a small village outside the town. Meanwhile, it's also aimed to protect the environment by recycling old books. Both the students and the teachers on campus participated in the project. What's more, some of the graduates also came back and gave away their books. All the books collected were to enlarge the collection of the primary school's library. There were two activities in this project, book donation and charity bazaar of old books. Both achieved great success in collecting used books.
We are very happy to report that, by now, about 1,500 books have been collected and the number is still growing. I hope more and more activities of this kind will be held on campus in the following days.
申请书
申请书和自荐信的写作方法相类似。
写作目的→申请原因→描述自己的优势→恳请语
行文举例：
I am writing this letter to apply for this chance as ......（写作目的）
申请原因部分的写作较为灵活，没有固定模板，但是我们一般可以采用转折的手法来写作。
万能公式↓
陈述现状→指出现状的不足之处→申请成功能够如何改善现状
As a......., I am committed to.... and have the confidence and strength in.....（阐述自身优势以及与申请的匹配度）
I will appreciate it very much if you can take me into consideration for this post.（恳请语）
真题来源：（2022.9）
邀请书
邀请函的格式较为统一，@沪江英语四六级微信公众号为大家整理了一份通用模板，快拿出你的小本本，参考起来吧！
Dear,_______
I am greatly honored to formally invite you to participate in at/in_________.It’s a long time since we have had the pleasure of seeing you and we do hope you can come.
As you are a close friend of us, we would very much like you to attend the _______ I am sure that you will be interested in_____. To begin with,_____.In addition,_______.Enclosed is the details of______.Your participation is very important because_______.
If you do not have any prior appointment on .We do hope that you can make it. If not, would it be possible for you to drop us a line before______?Thank you very much.
Yours sincerely,_________
真题来源：(2022.9)
02 现象类
现象类的作文顾名思义就是先给出一个社会现象，然后让考生围绕这个现象展开论述。
行文思路：
引出现象（是什么）
分析现象背后的动因（为什么）
评价这个现象（怎么样）
启示：这个现象反映出了什么？针对这一现象，我们应该怎么做？
行文举例：
Recent years have witnessed _______（引出现象）
The root cause of the phenomenon is _______.（分析现象背后的动因）
As far as I am concerned _______is advantageous/ toxic/double-edged sword.
On one hand..On the other hand_______（评价现象）
It is the epitome of _______./It embodies/reflect_______（现象反映出的内容）
It is high time we did_______as a way to_______.（怎么做）
句子积累
It is commonly thought thanks to modem science and technology, great changes can be seen in our society, and humans have made stellar/notable progress in science and technology over the recent decades.
人们普遍认为现代科技使我们的社会发生了翻天覆地的改变，近几十年来人类在科技方面取得了卓越的进步。（交代背景）
In recent years,... is becoming increasingly prevalent/ is in vogue.
近些年来......越来越流行。（引出现象）
From what has been discussed above, conclusion can be drawn that...
根据以上讨论，可以得出结论：（评价现象）
Having known the root causes of the phenomenon, it is high time for us to ...
在认识现象背后的根源之后，我们是时候要...了（开始论述做法）
真题来源：（2020.12）
Changes in the way of transportation
Thanks to the rapid development of automation and new technologies, means of transportation have changed fundamentally over the last few decades. Transformed travelling modes greatly improved people’s daily life.
To start with, the cost of transportation has dropped considerably. For example, flight and train tickets are much cheaper than before. What comes along with lower prices is more options. Besides, the speed and the level of comfort during the journey has tremendously improved. Moreover, a more extensive network allows people to travel freely not only within their usual living area, but also to farther parts of the world. The complex network of roads, highways, railways and air and sea routes connects all corners of the world.
To sum up, effective transportation systems will continue to bring convenience to people's lives. Some might argue against such stance because of the pollution caused by it, yet I’m still convinced that modern transportation system can benefit all humans.
03 描述说明类
描述说明类作文与现象类作文最大的区别就是现象类的写作主体是现象，而说明类的主体是物。（2020.7&9）
行文和现象类相仿👇
引出说明对象（是什么）
简要分析说明对象出现的原因（为什么）
PS：与现象类文章不同，说明类文章不用花较多篇幅在“为什么”上。
评价说明对象（怎么样）
启示：说明对象反映出了什么？我们应该如何对待这个对象？
行文举例：
With the step of_______, _______sring up（引出说明对象+交代原因）
As far as I am concerned ...is the locomotive / driver force /the hinder for/ a double-edged sword . On one hand..On the other hand....（评价对象）
The prevalence of_______mirrors_______
From what has been discussed above, what we should do is to_______（如何正确对待这一对象）
真题来源：（2020.7）
翻译app的使用：
The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly popular. Why? Admittedly, in the contemporay society, an increasing number of people, with the help of translation apps, find it convenient to read foreign literature or essays.
On the one hand, these apps can bring users greater efficiency and help them save more time or energy, particularly for those who have no knowledge of a foreign language. For instance, a host of people may have a variety of difficulties or troubles in learning English, but with the assistance of these apps, it will not be difficult for them to read and understand English materials. On the other hand, it is these apps that cuase some learners to lose motivation for studying. With Apps in hand, they are not willing to do their utmost to memorize new words, pratice speaking or writing skills every day. Fianlly, they will fail to get a good command of any foreign language.
I, as a college student, deem that it is of great necessity for youngsters to use translations apps in a rational way. We should bear in mind that any translation app is merely a tool. Provided that one intends to master a foreign language, it is advisabel to practice each day instead of relying on translation apps.
04 观点议论类
观点议论类是四六级考试中极为常见的一种写作类型。这类作文一般会在两种情况下出现。👇
情况1： 在题干中给出一个有争议的问题，考生需要给出自己的观点并提供有力的论据支持自己的观点，这类作文强调逻辑性和辩证性，一些有说服力的举例论证，罗列数据，都是加分项。
这类文章的结构较为清晰，一般是：交代观点→论证观点→辩证（可有可无）→联系实际论述做法
情况2： 要求就某一话题展开论述，考生需要围绕该主题给出自己的观点并提供有力的论据支持自己的观点，同样需要逻辑性和辩证性，有举例和数据更佳。
该类文章的结构一般是：交代观点→论证观点→联系实际论述做法
行文举例：
There is no consensus of opinions among people about ...(争论的焦点)。
Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take the opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。
As far as I am concerned, the former/ latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. （交代观点）
First of all, 论据1. Furthermore, 论据2. Among all of the supporting evidence, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3.
However, every corner has both sides, the former/ latter notion, in other word, also......（辩证，这一部分尽量简短）
A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。
As a college student, I am supposed to...（联系实际）
真题来源：（2022.12，2021.6）
以上就是@沪江英语四六级微信公众号为大家奉上的四级写作备考干货~在掌握这些“套路”之余，也要时刻谨记，现在四六级写作命题越来越灵活多变，我们也应当注重平时的积累，才能水到渠成。
比如2023年3月加考的两篇作文👇
1.介绍一本书并阐释它的可读之处
2.记录一场学业规划研讨会的内容并概述参与心得
题目一不多说，行文其实非常简单，只要介绍一本书再写出这本书的亮点即可。
但一些没有阅读习惯的考生可就在考场上抓瞎了，备考这类作文只能通过平时培养阅读习惯，或者至少对一些书籍的内容有一定了解，才能“囊中有货”。
题目二乍一看非常陌生，其实和我们的行文和议论类写作大同小异。
第一部分我们需要记叙研讨会的内容，
第二部分我们就仿照观点议论类写作的情况2，就“学业规划心得”展开论述即可。
分析近三年的四级写作，不难发现科技类的话题是命题热点，大家可以在沪江搜写作科技类话题词 ，进行学习哦~
声明：本文是沪江英语四六级微信公众号原创，未经授权，禁止转载。