图:保罗·乔布斯和史蒂夫·乔布斯
每一个人都有自己小小的童年,然而,人们都是无法选择自己的出生,无法预知自己的童年。快乐或悲伤,似乎都是命中注定。苹果之父乔布斯又有怎样的童年呢?
HINTS:
IRS
Joseph Eichler
California
Frank Lloyd Wright
【回顾】【乔布斯传】第一章:只是喜欢黏着老爸(10) »
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Through cars, his father gave Steve his first exposure to electronics. "My dad did not have a deep understanding of electronics, but he'd encountered it a lot in automobiles and other things he would fix. He showed me the rudiments of electronics, and I got very interested in that." Even more interesting were the trips to scavenge for parts. "Every weekend, there'd be a junkyard trip. We'd be looking for a generator, a carburetor, all sorts of components." He remembered watching his father negotiate at the counter. "He was a good bargainer, because he knew better than the guys at the counter what the parts should cost." This helped fulfill the pledge his parents made when he was adopted. "My college fund came from my dad paying $50 for a Ford Falcon or some other beat-up car that didn't run, working on it for a few weeks, and selling it for $250 - and not telling the IRS."
The Jobses' house and the others in their neighborhood were built by the real estate developer Joseph Eichler, whose company spawned more than 11,000 homes in various California subdivisions between 1950 and 1974. Inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright's vision of simple modern homes for the American "everyman," Eichler built inexpensive houses that featured floor-to-ceiling glass walls, open floor plans, exposed post-and-beam construction, concrete slab floors, and lots of sliding glass doors. "Eichler did a great thing," Jobs said on one of our walks around the neighborhood. "His houses were smart and cheap and good. They brought clean design and simple taste to lower-income people. They had awesome little features, like radiant heating in the floors. You put carpet on them, and we had nice toasty floors when we were kids."
通过汽车,父亲让史蒂夫第一次接触到了电子设备。“他对电子设备并没有很深的了解,但他经常在汽车以及其他修理对象上跟电子设备打交道。他为我展示了电子设备的基本原理,我觉得很有趣。”更有趣的是去废品堆里寻找零部件的过程。“每个周末,我们都会进行一次废品站之旅。我们会寻找发电机,或者化油器,还有各种各样的元件。”他还记得看着父亲在柜台前谈价格。“他很擅长讨价还价,因为他比卖家更清楚零件的合理价格。”这一点对于实现他父亲当初领养他时许下的承诺很有帮助。“我上大学的钱是怎么来的:我父亲会花50美元买下一辆已经开不动的福特猎鹰或者其他什么破车,花几个星期修理好它,然后以250美元的价格卖出去——而且他不会去报税。”
乔布斯家的房子位于迪亚布洛大道286号,和他们周围的房子一样,都是由房地产开发商约瑟夫•埃奇勒建造的,他的公司于1950~1974年间,在加州的各个地区兴建了超过11 000座房屋。收到弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特“适合美国普通百姓的简单现代之家”这一设想的启发,埃奇勒建造了廉价房屋,这些房屋的特点是:落地的玻璃窗、开放式的平面设计、无遮蔽的梁柱构造、混凝土地面以及大量滑动玻璃门。“埃奇勒做得很好,”乔布斯有一次和我在附近散步时说,“他造的房子整洁漂亮,价格低廉,质量优秀。他们把干净的设计和简洁的品位带给了低收入人群。房子本身有很棒的小特色,比如地板下安装了热辐射供暖设施。