11. advice, advise
advice劝告(名词)。如：I want to give you some advice.
advise劝告(动词)。如：What do you advise me to do?
12. adopt, adapt
adopt (1)收养。如：Since they have no children of their own, they decided to adopt a little girl. (他们自己没有孩子，所以决定收养一个小女孩。)(2)采纳，采用，通过。如：He adopted our suggestion.(他采纳了我们的建议。)
adopt与adapt词形相近，后者的意思是“使适合”，“改编”等.
13. advance, proceed, progress
均可表“前进”。
advance表向一个特定的目的地，在一定的时间或空间内稳定地向前运动。如：Napoleon’s army advanced on Moscow. (拿破仑的军队向莫斯科挺进。)
proceed强调从一处向另一处的运动，常表停顿后继续前进。如：They proceeded from London to Paris. (他们从伦敦往巴黎前进。)
progress 多表自然过程，指生长，发展等稳定地或循环往复地前进。如：The year is progressing, it will soon be summer. (光阴似箭，很快又是夏天了。)
14. advantage, benefit, profit
advantage 常指一种使某人处于比其他人相对有利的地位，机会或时机。如：He had the advantage of good education. (受过良好的教育对他十分有利。)
profit 多指报偿或报偿性的收入。如Did you make any profit last year? (你去年赚钱了吗？)
benefit 指物质利益或精神方面的好处。如：I get no personal benefit from the business.(我个人从这家企业中并不获益。)
16. advise, convince, persuade
均可表“劝说”。
advise表建议，规劝某人应该做某事或如何做。如：He advised me to put my money in the bank. (他劝我把钱存入银行。)
convince指向某人陈述事实，运用推理或逻辑证明使某人信服。如：We convinced Smith to go by train rather than plane. (我们说服了史密斯乘火车而不乘飞机前往。)
persuade指用感情说服某人去做某事。如：I persuaded him to go back to work. (我说服他回去工作了。)
17. affect, effect
affect影响(动词)。如Smoking affects health.
effect效果，影响(名词)。如：Government policy will not have any effect on us.
18. afford, provide, supply
都有“提供，供给”的意思。
afford一般只用于抽象事物。
provide 和supply意思相同，两个词都和with连用，构成provide /supply somebody with something的结构。
19. agree, consent
agree 为常用词。如：Do you agree to the condition? (你同意这个条件吗？)
consent为正式用词，多用于上下级的关系，表示同意别人的要求或请求。如：Did the king consent to your plan?(国王同意你的计划吗？)
20. aid, help, assist
用作动词均可表“帮助”。
aid为正式用词，help最常用。
assist最正式，表示协助某人做某事，尤指在体力上或具体事务上帮助和扶持。如：She employed a woman to assist her with the housework. (她雇了一名妇女帮她做家务。)