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高考英语动词复习备考语法大全

2006-05-17 00:21
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热点一:动词词义辨析

 

  [热点透视]考查考生在特定语境中恰当运用动词能力。

  [难点剖析] 备选动词词义相近,用法相似。

  [考题盘点]

  1.(03-25)If anybody calls ,tell them I’m out ,and ask them to ______their name and address.

  A. pass B. write C. take D. leave

  据题意应选leave, 表“留下”。其余动词不合题意,故选D。

  [备考策略] ①结合语境,从区别词义着手;其次从用法上加以区别,如后跟to do\doing做宾语 ,还是跟双宾语,或者是复合宾语等。

  ②加强对考纲内重要近义动词的复习。如:spend ,waste , take, kill;raise, keep, support, feed等。

  [过关训练]

  2.(沪04-46) Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have ___one-year-old twins at the head.

  A. isolated B. separated

  C. divided D. removed

  3.(浙04-30) If you are feeling so tired ,perhaps a little sleep would ______.

  A. act B. help C. serve D. last

  Key B B

热点二、动词短语辨析

  [热点透视] 考查考生在具体语境中运用动词短语能力。

  [难点剖析] ①备选词组形近或义近,或二者兼备或同一动词不同搭配;

  ② 除涉及词义辨析外,还结合时态、语态对考生进行综合考查。

  [考题盘点]

  4.(03-31)News reports say peace talks between the two countries ____with no agreement reached.

  A. have broken down B. have broken out

  C. have broken in D. have broken up

  此题还涉及时态,增加了试题难度。考查同一动词不同搭配,break up表打碎,化合物分解,大学放假等;break down 表(机器等)坏掉,(计划、谈判等)失败,物理分解等;故选A。

  5.(04-32)You can take anything from the shelf and read ,but please _____the books when you’ve finished with them.

  A. put on B. put down

  C. put back D. put off

  put是考生熟悉的词,故此题难度不大,据题意put back 表放回原处,故选C。

  [备考策略] ①对词义相近短语加强词义辨析,如:make up(构成,组成),take up(占据时间、空间),keep up (保持),hold up(延误、举起);

  ②部分词组本身就表被动,如:come up(被提出);还有一部分词组无被动语态,如:come about, break out等。

  [过关训练]

  6. (京04-35) I don’t ______rock roll. It’s much too noisy for my taste.

  A. go after B. go away with

  C. go into D. go in for

  7. (津04-33 ) It was not a serious illness, and she soon _____it.

  A. got over B. got on with

  C. got around D. got out of

  Key D A

热点三:动词时态

  [热点透视] 进行时、过去时和完成时是考试热点。

  [难点剖析] ①备选答案涉及不同时态的辨析,主要是:一般现在时和一般过去时、一般将来时和过去进行时、过去进行时或一般现在时和完成时、现在完成时和现在完成进行时;

  ②结合时态、语态对考生进行综合考查。

  [考题盘点]

  8. (03-27) All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness______.

  A. has grown B. is growing

  C. grew D. had grown

  据as可知主从句时态应保持一致,故选C。

  9 . (04-30) My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I ____half of it.

  A. was missing B. had missed

  C. will miss D. missed

  从连词so得知前后句时态应保持一致,据语境,故选D。

  [备考策略] 深入情景,揣摩动作发生顺序;重视题干暗示作用,如时间副词、并列或从属连词等;善于运用时态呼应规律。

  [训练过关]

  10. (京04-25) Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ____going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.

  A. had considered B. has been considering

  C. considered D. is going to consider

  11. (津04-28) — What were you doing when Tony phoned you?

  — I had finished my work and_____ to take a shower.

  A. had started B. started

  C. have started D. was starting

  Key B D

热点四:动词语态

  [热点透视] 结合时态、语态对考生进行综合考查;在具体语境中恰当选用语态能力。

  [难点剖析] ①将构成方式为“vt. +n. + prep.”的动词短语故意变为被动语态,增加试题的干扰性。

  例 Much attention should be paid to watching the patients.

  ②“get+p.p”也可表被动,也是考查热点。

  ③还有一些过去分词已转化为形容词,失去被动意义,如:hidden, dressed, lost, seated, etc. 仅表状态。

  ④用主动表被动几种情况:vi.(write\open\sell\re-ad,etc.) 后跟副词作状语,说明主语特征;won’t +do ,表不起作用,句子主语为物,be worth doing ,sth +needs\demands\wants+doing 表示“需要”的意义。

  [考题盘点]

  12. (粤04-21)All the employees except the manager _____to work online at home.

  A. encourages B. encourage

  C. is encouraged D. are encouraged

  据题意应用被动语态,故选D。

  13. (沪04-30)The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _____to eat more fruit and vegetables.

  A. persuade B. will persuade

  C. be persuaded D. are persuaded

  答案C形式不对,应用被动语态,故选D。

  [备考策略]全国卷近三年单纯考查语态的题目没有,结合时态对考生进行考查是考试热点;据题干所反映关系,即主动还是被动,从而恰当选用语态。

  [过关训练]

  14. (京04-27)The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____by 2008.

  A. has been completed

  B. has completed

  C. will have been completed

  D. will have completed

  15. (苏04-26)More patients _____in hospital this year than last year.

  A. treated B. have treated

  C. had been treated D. have been treated

  Key C D

  

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