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词汇精选:spoil的用法和辨析

一、详细释义:


n.

掠夺物,战利品 [U]


例句:

The invaders made spoil of all in their way.

侵略者所到之处无不洗劫一空。


例句:

The robbers divided up their spoils.

强盗们把赃物分了。


废品,次品 [U]


例句:

The rate of spoil is about twenty-five per thousand.

次品率约为千分之二十五。


【美】竞选成功所获得的好处 [U]

v.

毁掉,糟蹋 [T]


例句:

Hot dishes may spoil the varnish on a table.

热的盘子会损坏桌子的亮光漆面。


例句:

My first work was to search and to see what was spoiled and what was free.

我急于要查看一下哪些东西已损坏,哪些东西还完好无损。


娇惯,宠坏,溺爱 [T]


例句:

I'm afraid my mother tends to spoil her grandchildren.

我怕我母亲会宠坏她的孙子。


例句:

You spoil your daughter all the time.

你总是宠着你女儿。


(指食物等)变坏,变质,腐败 [I]


例句:

Some kinds of food soon spoil.

有些食物易变质。


例句:

Saceharomyces and Candida can also spoil juices.

啤酒酵母和假丝酵母也能使果汁变质。


抢劫,掠夺 [I,T]


例句:

They spoiled a person of goods.

他们抢劫了别人的货物。


例句:

They spoiled her of her gold watch.

他们抢走了她的金表。


二、词义辨析:


break,destroy,ruin,wreck,damage,spoil

这些动词均有“破坏,损坏”之意。 break普通用词,指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏,可指有形或无形的破坏。 destroy多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏,含导致无用,不能或很难再修复的意味。 ruin多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭,侧重破坏的彻底性,也可用于引申意义。 wreck侧重指船只、车辆、房屋等受到严重破坏或完全毁坏,也可指计划、健康受到损害。 damage多指对无生命物体的损害,造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果。 spoil强调不仅会削弱力量、精力或价值,而且会导致不可避免的毁灭。


三、参考例句:


Willy's parents spoil him.

威利的父母溺爱他。


Saceharomyces and Candida can also spoil juices.

啤酒酵母和假丝酵母也能使果汁变质。


Spare the rod and spoil the child.

棍棒之下出孝子。


Overacting will only spoil the effect.

表演过火, 效果反而不好。


A fond mother may spoil her child.

溺爱孩子的母亲会把孩子宠坏。


You spoil your daughter all the time.

你总是宠着你女儿。


Spoil yourself on the stuff that matters.

在重要的事情上宠爱自己。


I don't want to spoil you, dear boy.

我不愿意纵容你,亲爱的孩子。


I don't want to spoil you, dear boy.

我不愿意纵容你,亲爱的孩子。


Be careful not to spoil your new clothes.

小心别把你的新衣服弄坏了。


相关热点: 英语六级高频词汇
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