课文详注 Further notes on the text
1.Dan Robinson has been worried all week.丹·鲁宾逊焦虑了整整一个星期。
worried 在这里可以当成是形容词,表示“焦虑的”、“担心的”。worry 也可以作及物动词,表示“使担心/发愁”等:
2.the local police当地警察局
local 可以表示“地方性的”或“当地的”、“本地的”:
a local newspaper 地方性报纸
local shops 邻近的商店
3.Dan wondered why he was wanted by the police…丹奇怪警察为什么找他……
(1)wonder表示“想知道”时后面往往跟疑问词引导的从句:
(2)want用于被动语态时可以表示“想与(某人见面、谈话等)”或“缉拿“、“追捕”:
4.a smiling policeman 一位面带笑容的警察
smiling 为现在分词,作定语,其作用相当于形容词。还可以说:
a sleeping dog 一只睡着的狗
a worried face 一张焦虑的脸
5.Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away.那位警察对他说,那辆自行车是5天前在400英里外的一个小村里发现的。
(1)这句话实际上是一个间接引语(cf.第15课语法),其正常语序应为:The policeman told him that five days ago the bicycle was picked up… 语序变化后,the policeman told him成了插入成分,引导从句的that也被省略,引述的部分被分割成两部分。
(2)four hundred miles away修饰 village,相当于从句 which was four hundred miles away。
(3)pick up的含义之一为“(偶然地、无意地)获得”、“找到”、“学会”:
6.It is now being sent to his home by train.现在正用火车给他运回家来。
这句话是被动语态用于现在进行时,其结构为“am/is/are+ be-ing+过去分词"(cf.第10课语法):
语法 Grammar in use
被动语态
在第10课的语法中,我们学习了被动语态的基本形式。一般说来,无论是主动语态还是被动语态,句子的主语往往是说话者认为比较重要或想要强调的。如果说话人想避免用不明确的词(如 someone, a person等)作主语,就常常使用被动语态。在“动词+宾语+不定式”结构中,既可以让动词用被动语态而不定式用主动语态,也可以让不定式用被动语态:
词汇学习 Word study
1.与call有关的短语动词
动词call与不同的小品词连用可以构成意义不同的短语动词。
(1)call at表示“对(某个人家或地方)进行短暂访问”:
(2)call on 表示“拜访”、“探望”:
(3)call out表示“大声叫喊”:
(4)call up在美国英语中表示“打电话(给某人)":
(5) call off 可以表示“取消(某项活动)":
2.most
(1)adj.用于最高级,表示“最……”:
(2)adj.大多数的,大部分的:
(3)adv.非常,很(相当于very,但通常用于表达主观感情、见解等):
练习答案 Key to written exercises
1.关键句型练习答案
A
1 Dan Robinson has been worried all the week.
2 Dan was asked to call at the local police station.
3 Dan wondered why he was wanted by the police.
4 Dan was told at the station that his bicycle had been found.
5 Dan's bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away.
6 The bicycle is being sent to Dan's home.
7 Dan was surprised and amused when he heard the news.
8 Dan was amused because he never expected the bicycle tobe found.
9 The bicycle was stolen twenty years ago.
2.难点练习答案
1 on 2 off 3 out 4 at
3.多项选择题答案
1d 2a 3b 4c 5a 6d
7c 8b 9c 10b 11c 12a