Chapter2 简易词 动词(1)
abandon [əˋbændən] v. 抛弃 【同】give up【反】stay with
Zhu (Ming-jiang) was forced as a teenager to abandon his education and, like tens of thousands of other intellectual young Chinese during the 1960s and 70s, was sent to the countryside to be “re-educated” by peasant.
朱明江少年时期被迫失学,和六七十年代成千上万的中国知识青年一样被送到乡间接受农民的“再教育”。
abolish [əˋbɑlɪʃ] v. 废除
Man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.
生命有限的人类,手中握有的力量,可以消灭人类一切的贫穷状态,也可以灭绝人类所有的生命形态。
abuse [əˋbjuz] v.&n. 滥用;虐待
The term is much abused lately: in its strictest sense, virtual reality means creating an artificial environment so convincing it can’t be distinguished from the real thing.
仿真一词近来常被滥用,若严格加以定义,仿真表示创造一个人工的环境,而其如此接近事实,令人真伪难辨。
acknowledge [əkˋnɑlɪdʒ] v. 承认 【同】admit
Johnson acknowledged that he has in the past taken AZT, the antiviral drug typically administered when a person’s helper T-cell count drops to 500.
约翰逊承认他曾服用AZT,这种药物一般开给体内辅助性T细胞数量少于500的人服用。
acquire [əˋkwaɪr] v. 获取,取得
Even very young children learn by imitation; by watching how others act when they see someone in distress, these children acquire a repertoire of sensitive responses.
即使非常幼小的孩童也能通过模仿来学习。他们观察别人对伤心者的反应,从中学习到很多情绪反应,并存在记忆中。
█ distress n. 痛苦,悲痛; a repertoire of 许多的,多方面的
adapt [əˋdæpt] v. 适应 【同】adjust
John Woo believes the communists are too smart to kill a cash like the Hong Kong movie business, and that local moviemakers will adapt.
吴宇森相信,共产党人很聪明,不会扼杀香港电影业这只金母鸡,而香港电影业本生也会适应。
address [ˋædrɛs] v. 处理 【反】ignore
Scientists first raised alarms about climate change in the late 1980s, but the international community has taken few concrete steps to address the problem.
科学家首先在1980年代末期提出对气候改变的警告,但是国际社会未采取什么具体行动处理这个问题。
affect [əˋfɛkt] v. 影响
They insist that the issue (work-family dilemma) be seen as affecting both men and women.
他们坚持认为,(工作与家庭难以兼顾)这个问题应该被视为对男性与女性双方都有影响。
amount [əˋmaʊnt] v. 等于
The morning in Seattle, addressing hundreds of analysts and media, Gates hit a rare rhetorical high, offering up what amounted to his new digital gospel.
那天早上在西雅图盖茨对数百名分析家与媒体人士,以罕见的慷慨激昂的措词,发表了一篇声明,等于揭示了他对于数字时代的新信条。
█ hit v. 达到(某一水平);rhetorical adj. 措辞的;high adj. 高水准
appeal [əˋpil] v. 呼吁
In a letter released after his death, Dent appealed to those who attacked his decision:” If you disagree with voluntary euthanasia, then don’t use it, but don’t deny me the right to use it if and when I want to.”
在邓特死后所公开的一封信中,他呼吁那些攻击他所作决定的人:“如果你不赞成自愿安乐死,那就不要采用它,可是如果我想采用,以及决定什么时候采用,也请尊重我的权利。”
appreciate [əˋpriʃɪˏet] v. 喜欢
Patients appreciate the service, and the physicians seem to enjoy providing it.
患者喜欢这项服务,医生似乎也乐意提供。
arouse [əˋraʊz] v. 引起
Any stranger who wanted to buy a large amount of ANFO (ammonium nitrate and fuel oil) would immediately arouse suspicion.
凡是想大批购买硝酸铵和燃料油的来路不明之士,都会立即令人生疑。
assemble [əˋsɛmbl] v. 组合 【同】gather
Prosecutors sought to assemble a detailed chronology of the murder night with a parade of witnesses…
检察官陆续访谈了多名证人,以拼组出谋杀案当晚的详细过程。
█ chronology n. (事件)发生过程的记载
assert [əˋsət] v. 主张、断言,宣称 【同】declare
Finally, since quantum physics asserts that matter and energy are interchangeable, we are not individual beings at all but merely local expressions of an infinite, universal field of energy.
最后,既然量子物理主张物质和能量可以互换,那么我们根本不是独立的个体,只不过是宇宙间无限能量场的局部表现而已。
assign [əˋsaɪn] v. 指派
The new top officer of the Navy…promised to speed up plans to assign women to all surface vessels and perhaps even allow them aboard submarines, the Navy’s last all-male bastion.
这位新上任的海军高级官员承诺,加速推动派遣女兵登上各舰只服务的计划,甚至可能让女兵进驻潜水艇——这个抗拒女性进入海军的最后据点。
█ bastion n. 强力护卫某习俗或观念的体制或组织,堡垒
associate [əˋsoʃɪət] v. 将……联想在一起
Comets have long been associated with war, upheaval and disaster.
长久以来,人们总把彗星与战争、动乱和灾难联系在一起。
assure [əˋʃʊr] v. 保证 【同】guarantee
But even such battle-hardened successes do not assure victory for AmEx in its quest to reclaim the top standing it lost in 1989 in the $562 billion credit-card industry.
这是历尽艰苦奋斗才得到的成功,即使如此,也不表示美国运通公司必能在营业额达5620亿美金的信用卡业务中,如愿重登龙头宝座。美国运通公司于1989年失去这项宝座。
ban [bæn] v.&n. 禁止 【同】v. prohibit bar
Beijing bans overseas exhibits of pre-Ming dynasty paintings and calligraphy because of the extreme vulnerability of the ancient brocade, silk and paper.
北京禁止明朝以前的书画出国展览,因为年代久远的锦缎、丝绸与纸张极为脆弱。
█ vulnerability n. 脆弱,易受伤害
betray [bɪˋtre] v. 背叛
They take a soap-opera plot – betrothed teenager falls for stranger, perfect mother is betrayed by her neighbors, ex-prostitute tries to live an honorable life …
他们采用通俗肥皂剧的剧情:如已定亲的少年爱上了陌生人;贤妻良母遭邻居出卖;从良的妓女想过有尊严的生活……
█ plot n. (小说等的)情节,构想; betrothed adj. 已订婚的
boast [bost] v. 夸耀
Boasts Mayor Bill Campbell:” During the Olympics Atlanta will be the safest city in this country, certainly, and on the globe, probably.”
市长坎贝尔夸口说:“奥运期间,亚特兰大将是全国,甚至可能是全世界最安全的地方。”
champion [ˋtʃæmpɪən] v. 提倡 【同】advocate
Psychiatrist Brian Weiss is perhaps the most exotic. He champions reincarnation therapy.
心理医生布赖恩•韦斯可能是最特异的一位,他提倡轮回疗法。
characterize [ˋkærɪktəˏraɪz] v. 有……特征 【同】describe
“I can’t characterize my music as religious, although religious music is very close and dear to me,” says Kancheli, a devout Orthodox Christian.
“我不能把自己的音乐视为宗教音乐,虽然宗教音乐我常接触,而且是我所挚爱。”虔诚的东征教徒坎且利如是说。
claim [klem] v. 声称 【同】maintain
In fact, authorities claim that one-third of Taiwan’s more than 1200 known “black societies” were dissolved during the amnesty.
事实上,当局声称,台湾已知的1200多个黑社会帮派中,有1/3在这次特赦中解散。
collapse [kəˋlæps] v. 崩溃,倒塌
As baby boomers save for retirement, colleges for the kids or a rainy day (say, when the U.S. Social Security system collapses), their investment rates will soar.
婴儿潮时期出生的人口正在存钱以备养老、儿女的教育基金或是不时之需(例如一旦美国是会保险机制崩溃时),所以他们的投资比例会大幅增加。
█ a rainy day 将来可能有的苦日子
collide [kəˋlaɪd] v. 碰撞 【同】crash into
Traveling at speeds of 130,000 m.p.h., mountain size fragments of the comet Shoemarker-Lavy 9 tore huge holes in Jupiter’s atmosphere throughout the week, giving astronomers a glimpse of the titanic forces released when celestial objects collide.
整整一星期,“苏梅克-列维9号”彗星的众多碎片,以庞大如山的身躯,13万英里的时速,将木星的大气层冲出数个大洞,让天文学家得以一窥星体相撞时所释放出的巨大力量。
█ titanic n. 巨大的
command [kəˋmænd] v. 博得(尊敬)
Along with enthusiasm, sumo commands a large measure of reverence.
除了狂热之外,相扑还博得民众普遍的崇敬。
compel [kəmˋpɛl] v. 逼迫
They tried to push me, a Russian general, to shoot my own people in the capital of my own state. No such force exists that would compel me to do this.
身为俄国将军,他们要我在祖国的首都射杀同胞,但世界上任何力量都不能逼迫我去做这样的事。
compromise [kəmˋpɛl] v. 承认
If they think I am prepared to compromise, they’re in fantasy land.
如果他们以为我打算妥协,那他们是在做梦。
concede [kənˋsid] v. 承认 【同】admit acknowledge
After three decades of spraying fire-ant territory with the killer compounds, however, the U.S. government was forced to concede defeat.
然而,在火蚁分布地区用杀虫剂喷洒了30年后,美国政府不得不承认失败。
█ compound n. 化合物