Britons love talking about the weather, and with Europe caught in the midst of a heat wave there’s plenty for them to get excited about. Many parts of China have also been struggling with record-breakingtemperatures this hot summer.
英国人喜欢谈论天气，今夏，热浪席卷欧洲，他们更是有的聊了。同样，中国大部分地区今夏也经受着持续不断的高温“烤验”。
But beside from a simple “hot”, what other ways are there to describe the summer heat? Apart from phrases like “piping hot”, “sweltering heat” and “scorching sun”, there are many interesting expressions that relate to unbearably hot weather and offer a glimpse into foreign culture.
而英文中，除了一个简单的“hot”，还有什么哪些形容炎炎夏日的表达方式呢？除了像“piping hot”（滚烫的）、“sweltering heat”（酷热难耐）、“scorching sun”（烈日炎炎），英文中还有许多有关“酷热难耐”的有趣表达，从中我们也可以了解到一些外国文化。
Dog days of summer三伏天
In books and newspaper articles, the period from early July to mid-August is often referred to as the “dog days of summer”. Some think the expression means the weather is so hot that dogs go wild. But in fact, the expression comes from 16th century astrology and refers to the days on which Sirius — the Dog Star, the brightest star in the summer sky and part of the Great Dog constellation — rises at the same time as the sun. The Romans associated the hot weather with this star and would sacrifice a dog every year in April to appease the rage of Sirius.
在书籍和报刊文章中，7月初到8月中旬这段时间通常被称作“dog days of summer”，即中文中的“三伏天”。一些人认为这句表达的意思是“天气太热以至于狗都狂躁了”。而事实上，该表达源于16世纪占星术，指的是夏季里，天空中最亮的大犬座天狼星同太阳同起落的日子。罗马人认为酷热的天气与天狼星有关，所以每年4月份会献上一只狗作为祭品，来平息天狼星的愤怒。
So hot you can fry an egg on the sidewalk热得连在人行道上都可以煎鸡蛋了
This expression needs no explanation and although its origin is unclear, it hasn’t stopped thousands of curious tourists from testing if the saying is true, with the result that sidewalks in Death Valley, California – the hottest place in the US – are now littered with broken eggshells and the gooey remainders of mostly raw eggs. Early in July, the local government issued a plea for tourists to stop their cooking experiments. Even so, it is actually possible to fry an egg on the sidewalk, so long as you use a frying pan with a lid and the temperature is at least 49 C.
这一表达无需再做解释，尽管出处不明，但是丝毫也阻挡不了无数好奇游客的实验精神。位于加利福尼亚的死亡谷号称是美国最热的地方。而如今该地的人行道上四处散落着鸡蛋壳以及黏糊糊的生蛋液。七月初，当地政府就发布通告，呼吁游客请勿“大展厨艺”。即便如此，只要在温度不低于49℃的条件下，你用带盖煎锅就可以在人行道上“煎蛋”了。
Hotter than a two-dollar pistol “炙手可热”
This expression comes from 19th century America, when the US was engulfed in the Civil War and many carried pistols for self-protection. Cheap pistols would get hot when fired repeatedly, but another reason for the expression is that no pistol could cost 2 dollars (12 yuan) unless it had been stolen. In slang English, stolen goods are often said to be “hot” and anyone in possession of hot goods is likely to get their fingers burned, in other words, to be arrested.
该表达起源于19世纪的美国。当时美国正陷于内战，许多人携带手枪防身。多次射击后，便宜的手枪就会变得烫手。而该表达的另一出处则是：没有手枪会卖2美元（约合人民币12元），除非是偷来的。在英国俚语中，盗窃的赃物经常被成为“hot”（非法所得），这些偷来的东西就像是“烫手山芋”，窝赃者随时会被“绳之以法”。
Hinges of Hades“人间炼狱”
For those who believe it exists, hell is undoubtedly the hottest place on earth, so unsurprisingly there are several expressions that refer to hell (Hades), or even the devil himself. “Hotter than the hinges (gates) of Hades” or “Hotter than the hobs (fireplaces) of Hell” are the oldest versions, but more amusing variations have become popular, such as “hotter than the devil’s underwear”.
对于那些坚信地狱真实存在的人们而言，毫无疑问地狱是人间最热的地方。所以，难怪一些表示热的短语都与地狱，甚至魔鬼有关。“比地狱之门还热”或者“酷热胜于地狱的火炉”这些早已是祖母级的表达方式了，而旧词新说使得它们又“火”了一把，比如时下最潮的表达是“比魔鬼的内衣还要火辣”。
【拓展】：
1.“piping hot”, “sweltering heat” and “scorching sun”：滚烫的、酷热难耐、烈日炎炎
2.sirius：天狼星（Sirius，α CMA），是夜空中最亮的恒星，其视星等为-1.47，绝对星等为+1.3，距太阳系约8.6光年。天狼星实际上是一个双星系统，其中包括一颗光谱型A1V的白主序星和另一颗光谱型DA2的暗白矮星伴星天狼星B。
3.slang English：俚语
