我一直鼓励同学,放远目光。小学阶段,学好英语,除了获得自信,还要获得国内重点中学、重点大学的升学考试优势,并能直接对接国外教育,省得出国后再费时费力补英语。
在新学期的开始,我想谈谈新加坡小学生的英语语法训练。新加坡的小学,目前是六年制。新加坡小学英语教育,素来强调语法训练。尤其是新加坡重点小学,从小学一年级到六年级,一直给孩子布置较难的语法作业。这么做之目的,是确保孩子小升初之前,熟悉全部语法项目。
新加坡重点小学的孩子,由于平时有阅读原版书的底子,所以,语法学习相对轻松。翻看最新修订的《新加坡小学英语教学大纲》,会发现大部分篇幅,用于罗列新加坡小学从一年级到六年级,所需掌握的语法项目。新加坡小学的语法训练程度,远远高于国内。
国内出版的英语语法书,我看过很多。另外,不少家长也总提到语法课和孩子的语法学习问题。我认为,语法教学的关键,是从“现象学”角度入手,让孩子大量理解并接触语言现象,以此启发孩子自己总结语法规律。换句话说,语法教学的落脚点,不是告诉孩子什么是“物主代词”、“物主形容词”、“动词的三单”等等,而是要陪孩子一起“用眼睛观察外语世界”。
当然,陪孩子一起“看清”英语语法规律,也要讲究方式方法。在刚一开始,不要给孩子太大压力。新加坡的语法教学,强调阅读的配合、讲究循环往复、逐级递进。这是非常好的语法学习方式。孩子从一年级,就可以接触语法。孩子先从简单的语言和语法项目入手,通过必要的重复、循环,逐级熟悉全部的语法。就像我下面列出的80堂语法课,一年级的孩子从第一课开始,边学语法边做练习,学完80课之后,就达到新加坡重点小学六年级的语法水平。
1 Nouns
2 Proper Nouns and Common Nouns
3 Countable and Uncountable Nouns
4 Singular and Plural Nouns
5 Capital Letters
6 Full Stops, Question Marks, Commas
7 Gender
8 Pronouns
9 Prepositions
10 Question Words
11 Adjectives
12 The Verb “To Be”
13 The Simple Present Tense
14 The Simple Past Tense
15 Adverbs
16 Conjunctions
17 Articles
18 Possessive Adjectives
19 The Present Continuous Tense
20 Punctuation
21 The Simple Future Tense
22 Words for Giving Rules and Instructions
23 Prepositions
24 Subject and Verb Agreement
25 Adverbs of Manner
26 Reflexive Pronouns
27 The Past Continuous Tense
28 Short Answers and Replies
29 The Comparison of Adjectives
30 Nouns
31 Countable and Uncountable Nouns
32 Proper Nouns
33 Singular and Plural Nouns
34 Possessive Adjectives
35 Possessive Pronouns
36 Interrogative Pronouns
37 Short Forms
38 The Simple Present Tense
39 The Simple Past Tense
40 Regular and Irregular Verbs
41 The Present Continuous Tense
42 The Past Continuous Tense
43 Adjectives
44 The “Going To” Form
45 Prepositions
46 Direct and Indirect Speech
47 Possessive Nouns
48 Adjectives
49 Nouns Used as Adjectives
50 Relative Pronouns
51 Comparison of Adverbs
52 Adverbial Phrases
53 Subject and Verb Agreement
54 The Simple Present, Past and Future
55 The Present Continuous and The Past Continuous
56 The Present Perfect and The Past Perfect
57 Participles
58 Infinitives
59 Modal Verbs
60 Relative Pronouns
61 Verb “To Be”
62 Regular and Irregular Verbs
63 Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
64 Participles
65 Gerunds
66 The Present Tense
67 The Past Tense
68 Expressing Future Time
69 Modals
70 Subject and Verb Agreement
71 Active and Passive Voice
72 Noun Phrases
73 Adjectival Phrases
74 Adjectival Clauses
75 Adverbial Phrases
76 Adverbial Clauses
77 Active and Passive Voice
78 Conditional Sentences
79 Conjunctions
80 Punctuation
少儿英语教学专家

