各位又到了每周的写作部分技巧大放送时间~之前两期我们一起学习了综合写作应该如何去记听力笔记以及如何根据教授给出的信号短语辨认出哪些信息是我们需要反映在写作中的。那么具体应该如何确定每一句话的作用以及抓取关键信息呢，今天就是见证奇迹的时刻啦~
首先我们要知道综合写作中文章的结构是什么样子滴~
1st paragraph: leading in + main idea
2nd paragraph: supporting idea 1+ details + (summary)
3rd paragraph: supporting idea 2+ details + (summary)
4th paragraphs: supporting idea 3+ details + (summary)
非常清晰的总分大结构以及
2-4段的主体部分的每一段都是——首句提出反驳分论点以及之后的细节支撑
这一结构特点在阅读和听力文章都是一致的，让我们通过一套真题来看一下吧~
阅读文章的结构如下：
第一段：大背景是人们都在研究叫做Chaco的大房子究竟是干啥用的，有三个理论很有竞争力。
第二段：第一个分论点是它的出现纯粹为了住人。
第三段：第二个分论点是建造它是为了贮藏日用食品。
第四段：第三个分论点是建造它为了祭祀。
随后听力文章就各种反驳它，记得吗？反驳的切入点就是提供阅读文章中没有的细节。
Unfortunately none of the arguments about what the Chaco great houses were used for is convincing.
First, sure, from the outside, the great houses look like later and Native American apartment but the inside of the great houses casts serious doubt on the idea that many people lived there. I'll explain. If hundreds of people were living in the great houses, then there would have to be many fireplaces, where each family did its daily cooking, but there are very few fireplaces. In one of the largest great houses, there were fireplaces for only around ten families. Yet there were enough rooms in the great house for more than a hundred families, so the primary function of the houses couldn't have been residential.
Second, the idea that the great houses were used to store grain maize; unsupported by evidence. It may sound plausible that large empty rooms were used for storage, but excavations of the great houses have not uncovered many traces of maize or maize containers. If the great houses were used for storage, why isn't there more spilled maize on the floor? Why aren't there more remains of big containers?
Third, the idea that the great houses were ceremonial centers isn't well supported either. You know that mound at Pueblo Alto? It contains lots of other materials besides broken pots, stuff you wouldn't expect from ceremonies. For example, there are large quantities of building materials, sands, stones, even construction tools. This suggests that the mound is just a trash heap of construction material, stuff that was thrown away or not used up when a house was being built. The pots in the pile could be regular trash too, leftover from the meals of the construction workers. So the Pueblo Alto mound is not good evidence that the great houses were used for special ceremonies.
第一段——同样的大背景，Chaco的用途肯定不是如同阅读文章那样的！
第二段——反驳分论点1：虽然外表看起来如此，但是里面的壁炉告诉我们这个地方没有住过那么多人呢。假设法推翻了阅读的相应理论。
第三段——反驳分论点2：没有散落的玉米，更没有装玉米的容器，让我们怎么相信它使用来储存吃的呢？同样的假设法把阅读分论点推到。
第四段——反驳分论点3：Chaco当然也不是用来祭祀的地方。用了一个PA的例子来证明阅读分论点是错的。
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