【跟着沪江走，高分在招手】·【雅思备考·写作篇】
今天为大家带来的是雅思写作中要人称代词的使用。
人称代词，即："I", "you", "we" and "they"。
有的人认为雅思论文中不应该使用人称代词。因为学术类文章不提倡使用人称代词。
学术类论文确实不宜使用人称代词。但是雅思论文与大学论文或是期刊杂志上发表的学术性论文相比有着很大的差别。
你在大学写的论文往往需要引用，并注明摘要。
但是在写雅思论文时，你并没有这些参考资料。你所有的只是你的个人经历和仅仅40分钟的时间。
雅思写作的题干其实就很明确的表示了要求我们利用自身经历和知识来进行论证。原文如下：
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"Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge". |
如果雅思写作中不能使用人称代词，那么题干中的这句话也就毫无意义。
所以，在论述过程中，你可以由相关的所见所闻所感展开论证。
而且，有的询问个人观点的题目也是很主观的，例如：
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"To what extent do you agree or disagree?" "Discuss both opinions and give your opinion". |
诚然， 雅思论文是学术的形式，但却不同于普通的学术写作。相比之下，雅思写作更加的主观，所以使用人称代词是很合理的。
Where can I use personal pronouns in essays and how often?
使用人称代词在雅思作文中是可以的，但是我们也不要过多使用人称代词。过多使用人称代词将导致文章失去了学术性质。
但是在需要的情况下使用几次还是能够接受的。例如，在论文陈述中使用人称代词来表达观点：
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"In my opinion, students should not have to wear school uniforms". "I do not believe that students should wear school uniforms". "I agree that wearing school uniforms is necessary for the following reasons". |
使用人称代词的另一个好处就是能够清晰地表达观点。
阅卷者往往希望考生在观点性论文中表达了明确的个人观点。而这个时候非人称代词就显得不够用。因为如果不使用人称代词，考官有可能会认为文中的观点并非你个人的观点。
这并不是说你非使用人称代词不可。但对写作水平不高的考生来说，使用人称代词来明确个人观点是最佳的方法，这往往能避免阅卷者的误解。
让我们看一篇范文的结尾。在这个结尾中，就非常明确的表示出了写作者的态度和看法，避免了可能会发生的误解。
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On balance, I would argue that although it is not realistic to remove all opportunities for privately funded research, governments should have the main responsibility for the monitoring and controlling of this. Strong checks and balances need to be in place to ensure future research is ethical and productive. |
What about in body paragraphs?
如上文中所言，当我们需要引用自身经历，或是表达个人观点的时，通常需要用到人称代词。几次当然没有问题，但小编再次提醒各位考生不要滥用人称代词。否则你的论文会显得很不正式。
让我们通过一篇范文来领会如何有效地使用人称代词。
题目：
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Many old buildings protected by law are part of a nation’s history. Some people think they should be knocked down and replaced by news ones. How important is it to maintain old buildings? Should history stand in the way of progress? |
范文：
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Most nations around the world have at least some, or possibly many, old buildings such as temples, churches and houses in their cities, villages and surrounding areas which have historical significance. In my opinion, it is very important to maintain these, but this does not mean progress should stop. Preserving certain old buildings is important for several reasons. Firstly, these structures provide an insight into the history of our countries, showing how people many centuries ago lived their lives. Without them,we could only learn by books, and it would undoubtedly be sad if this were the only way to see them. Many of these buildings are also very beautiful. Take for example the many religious buildings such as churches and temples that can be seen around the world. Not only this, but on a more practical level, many of these buildings provide important income to a country as many tourists visit them in great numbers. However, this certainly does not mean that modernization should be discouraged. I believe that old buildings can be protected in tandem with progress. For example, in many circumstances we see old historic buildings being renovated whilst maintaining their original character, and being used for modern purposes. Also, in no way does history hinder progress, and in fact it is the opposite. By studying and learning about our history, a greater understanding is gained about the world welive in, and this helps to build a better future. To conclude, in my view it is very important to protect and preserve old buildings as we can learn about our history as can others from other countries. Such knowledge can also help us to understand how to modernize our countries in the best way. |
相比其他的雅思作文，这篇范文中的人称代词其实是相当多的。因为题目本身就允许了文章中出现相对更多的人称代词，所以这篇文章中使用的大量的人称代词并不成问题。
而且，这篇文章也是因为使用了人称代词而避免失分的绝佳典范。
Summery
在雅思论文中，人称代词是可以使用的，只是不要过度使用，避免文章过于非正式。
在文章开篇或结尾，如果你想要表达自己的观点，人称代词的使用往往让观点更为明确、清晰。
如果在文章主体段你想减少人称代词的使用，这也是可以的。
文中的多个例子证明了人称代词的使用并不会让论文失去其本身的学术性。试想，通过个人经历来论证自己的观点时，难道能不用到人称代词吗？
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