下面就从点对点结构，面对面结构，反对类，支持类，独立作文五方面为大家提供写作模板，希望对考生有一些用处。
“点对点”结构
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Introduction- |
The lecturer talks about research conducted by a firm that used the group to handle their work. He says that the theory stated in the passage was very different and somewhat inaccurate when compared to what happened in reality. |
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First Point of Contrast |
First, some members got free rides. That is, some did not work hard but got recognition for the success nonetheless. This also indicates that people who work hard were not given recognition they should have gotten. In other words, were not given the opportunity to “shine”. This directly contradicts what the passage indicates. |
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Second Point of Contrast |
Second, groups were slow in progress. The passage says that groups are more responsive than individuals because of the number of people involved and aggregated resources. However, the speaker talks about how the firm found that groups were slower than individuals in decision making. Groups needed time for meetings, which are necessary procedures in decision making. This is another place where experience contradicted theory. |
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Third Point of Contrast |
Third, influential people might emerge and lead the group towards glory If the influent people are going in the right direction there would be no problem. But in cases where they go in the wrong direction, there is nobody that has influence to counter the decision made. In other words, the group might turn dictatorship, with the influential party as the leader, and might become less in its thinking. They might become one-sided, and thus fail to succeed. |
“面对面”结构
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Introduction- Relationship between reading and lecture |
The lecturer talks about the natural process of crystallization and how the speed of cooling can influence such process, which is proved by Bowen’s crystallization experiment explained in the reading passage. |
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Points in the lecture |
Natural crystallization happens when magma, which is extremely hot in its molten form deep in the earth, gradually cools off when it moves towards the surface of the earth. During the cooling process, the energy from heat is lost, and the atoms which compose the magma begin to move more slowly, forming into an orderly pattern, which turns the magma into a solid crystal structure. However, if the cooling process takes place too rapidly, then there is not enough time for the atoms to be arranged into such an orderly pattern. Therefore, crystallization cannot take place. Instead, a brittle, glass-like material will form. |
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Points in the Reading |
Norman Bowen’s experiment in the 1920s proved this theory. By collecting and melting elements in rocks, Norman created artificial magma in his laboratory. He first cooled the magma slowly, as in the natural crystallization process, and got mineral crystals. But then he suddenly replaced this normal cooling with rapid freezing, and found frozen glass materials surrounding the solid crystal structure. |
托福小作文模板：反对类
1 The lecture is mainly discussing ______, ________ and ___________ by _________, challenging what are stated in the reading passage that _________, _________ and _______.
First of all, the speaker thinks that ___________. In contrast, the reading passage believes that _____________. So, the lecture totally disagrees with the view made in the reading.
Second, the speaker discusses ___________, Contradicting what is stated in the reading that _____________________.
Finally, the speakers raises the issue that ___________. This point disagrees that ________________ demonstrated in the reading.
So, the contents in the reading passage are totally jeopardized by the speaker and the speaker has totally different ideas on the topics made in the reading.
2 The reading passage contends that…The listening material completely refutes the reading passage. It is pointed in the listening that ……
First, the point, stated in the reading passage, is that … In contrast, the listening passage holds the opposite opinion and believes that ……
Second, the reading passage contends that …… But the speaker in the listening says that …
Third, the author, in the reading passage, believes that …… However, the lecturer in the listening argues that ……
3 In the lecture, the professor makes several points about……, while the reading states that ……
The first point that the professor used to cast doubt on the reading is that …….(听力第一个分论点)According to the professor…….(对前面那句话进行稍微解释)However, the reading notes that…….(阅读第一个分论点)
The second point that the professor challenges the reading is that…….(听力第二个分论点) Also,……(对前面进行补充说明) On the contrary, the reading contends that …….(阅读第二个分论点)
Finally, the professor argued that…...(听力第三个分论点)In other words, …...(进行解释说明) This contradicts the point in the reading that…….(阅读第三个分论点)
In short, the points asserted by the professor are different from what the reading says. The professor demonstrated that …….(对听力文章进行总结)
4 The speaker in the lecture principally argues that xxx, which contradicts the main statement in the reading, thus refuting the reading passage totally. In order to substantiate his contention as well as to jeopardize the reading passage, the speaker later reteams the supporting details in the reading passage and forwards alternative explanations.
In terms of AAA, the speaker argues that xxx, challenging the notion in the reading that xxx
Referring to BBB, the speaker believes that xxx. In contrast, the reading passage
Finally, the speaker raises the issue that xxx, was simply noted as xxx in the reading.
To sum up, based on thorough analysis of the whole situation (the nature of the reasons in the reading, the speaker disagrees with the reading passage completely.
5. The lecture apparently refutes the points illustrated in the reading material. According to the professor, ________________.On the contrary, the reading contends an opposite stand that_____.
The first point the professor uses to cast doubt on the reading is that___________, which differs from the statement in the reading that_____.
Another evidence the speaker adopts to contradict the passage is________. However, the reading states that_________.
In the conclusion, the point made in the lecture contrasts with what is presented in the reading. As the professor claims, ________whereas the reading material holds that________.
这个模版可以简单总结为：总(总结听力和阅读的核心内容指出它们之间的关系)-分(分开论述听力和阅读的观点和细节性信息)-总(总结全文观点)
6 In the listening material , the author pointed out a fact/phenomenon that -------------(指出听力文的重点，)which was opposed to ideas ----------(总结阅读部分的观点)in the reading materials .
In the first place / firstly / to begin with , speaker believed that ------------(指出听力部分分论点内容). His reasons for his /her views were as follows , first ------------ second -----------(听力分论点细节)，while the author in the reading material confirmed that ――――(阅读部分的观点) which was totally different from the viewpoints in the listening parts.
To sum up , --------------------(重新总结一下文章的主要意思。不用加入自己的观点。)
托福小作文模板：支持类
第一句：简述听力内容，或听力内容与阅读文章的联系。
The lecturer provides the additional specific information to strengthen the reading passage concerning___
the lecture provides a lot of information orally,______此处简述听力内容主旨，so as to strengthen the reading passage.
The lecturer demonstrates objective evidences to strengthen the reading passage.
The listening material links_______with_______as claimed in the reading passage by presenting some specific examples/evidences.
第二句:简述阅读文章，或与听力内容的联系。
the reading passage indicates(states/describes)that____
the reading passage mentions_______
the reading material lists_______
the passage discusses______________
the reading passage briefly describes the background of_____________
第三句：如果听力内容对阅读文章有补充。
To strengthen/support the argument/points, the lecturer identified and explored relevant factors beyond______before
concluding that_______.
The listening material further discusses that_____________
the lecturer echoes (reiterates) these facts and also says (intimates) that_____________
The lecture apparently reinforces the points illustrated in the reading material. According to the professor, ________________. Meanwhile, the reading contends a similar stand that_____.
The first point the professor uses to enhance the reading is that___________, which is just the same as the statement in the reading that_____.
Another evidence the speaker adopts to bolster the passage is________. Likewise, the reading states that_________.
In the conclusion, the point made in the lecture gives a boost to what is presented in the reading. As the professor claims, ________which is in accordance with the reading material holds that________.
(Solution)
主要用动词：supplement/complement/finalize
独立作文
In response to the problem, some people may argue that___ But is it? Close analysis does not bear out the argument.
First of all, it is always top of the list of my viewpoints that____. To make my demonstration more profoundly and comprehensively, I would like to cite what one of my favorable celebrities has mentioned," ___"
Moreover, ________also provides adequate justification for my opinion. According to 100 studies carried out in 10 major cities throughout China,___________." No one can deny the truth behind the number."
In addition, an equally essential factor which deserves people’s attention is_______.
Admittedly, it may be true that ______.However, this alone does not provide sufficient support to claim that______. Actually, it is too specific and weak to strengthen the point that_________.
All in all, although some people may still remain unconvinced, the reasons I have analyzed could at least make them more aware of the various dimensions of the issue under discussion. There is little doubt that more and more people will come to realize that_______.
考生在实际使用中，要注意字数问题。
