沪江

独立主格结构的句法功能

喜东东 2016-12-23 11:54
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独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中,其作用相当于一个状语从句,常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。例如:
1) 表示时间
The meeting being over, all of us went home.
开完会后我们都回家了。
Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea.
她干完了活,坐下来喝茶。
His first play a success, he wrote another.
他第一个剧本成功后,又写了另一个剧本。
2) 表示条件
The condition being favorable, he may succeed.
若条件有利,他或许能成功。
All things considered, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.
若全面考虑,她的建议比你的建议有意义。
The teacher to help us, we will succeed.
有老师的帮助,我们就能成功。
3) 表示原因
There being no taxis, we had to walk.
没有出租车,我们只好步行。
He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty.
夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得严严实实的。
It being Sunday, they had no classes.
由于是星期天,他们不上课。
The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.
由于工人们的生活条件大大提高,他们工作得更起劲了。
4) 表示伴随情况
Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all.
几乎所有的金属都是良导体,而银则是最好的导体。(=Almost all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.)
He sat silently, eyes closed.
他静静地坐着,双眼紧闭。
He walked in to the classroom, his head lowered.
他低着头走进教室。
He lay on his back, his face up and his hands crossed under his head.
他脸朝天,头枕着手躺着。
 

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