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英语六种常用时态知识点

kathy 2016-10-16 15:34
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一、一般现在时 (be;do/does)
1.概念:表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。经常性、习惯性动作。
标志词:often, sometimes, usually, always, occasionally等和时间状语如 in the evening, at night, twice a month, on Sundays, every day/week/month/year,等。
用法:
(1).客观事实和普遍真理。
The earth runs around the sun.
(2)表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动 、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词 )可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用 。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。

The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.

下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。

How often does this shuttle bus run?

这班车多久一趟?

(3)在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as,等引导的时间状语从句或由if, so/as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时(主将从现)。
When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.

等你完成这份报告的时候,我就已经等了将近3个小时了。

二、一般过去时
1.概念:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
2.标志词:yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in , at that time等。(有时句子中虽然不含表示过去时间的状语,但根据语境可判断动作或状态已经发生,而且与现在没有任何联系,也需用一般过去时。)
三、一般将来时(will / shall do。)
用法: going to do:打算去……,要……
This is just what I am going to say.

这正是我想说的。

about to do:即将、正要,强调近期内或马上要做的事。
例:Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.

别担心,我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。

3."be to do":按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事。 (客观安排,人为安排)
例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.
星期一你准会在实验室见到她。
5) 有些动词,如:arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等,用于一般进行时,并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用,可以表示将来时。 例:My mother is coming to visit me next week.(我妈妈下周将来看我。)
四、现在进行时(be doing)
概念:现在正在进行的动作。
标志词:now, at this moment, look, listen,
五、过去进行时(was/ were doing)
概念:强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。
例:Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.

别担心,你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙。

注意事项:由于本时态是由将来时和进行时融合在一起的,所以关于本时态的注意事项,可参考"一般将来时"和"现在进行时"的有关注意事项。
六、现在完成时(have done)
概念:1.表示某动作发生在过去,强调其对现在的影响。此时用短暂性动词。标志词:already, just, yet, never, before,
2. 表示某动作从过去某时刻开始,持续到现在。此时用延续性动词。标志词:lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years, since then, up to now, so far; since+时间点;for+时间段;

时态习题:

1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.

2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.

3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.

4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off.

5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all, work) in the fields.

6. While mother ________ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell ________ (ring).

7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) to rain.

8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she ________________ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).

相关热点: 英语时态 希拉里演讲
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