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复合句中as的巧用

2008-05-08 17:10
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复合句中as用法详解
as的用法灵活,词义繁多,特别是在复合句中更能体现其用法的多样性和灵活性,但如果同学们能正确掌握as的词性和词义,是不难掌握其用法的。
 
一、as用作关系代词引导定语从句
1. as 引导非限制性定语从句,一般不指代某个具体的名词或代词,而是代表整个主句或主句的一部分。这种从句可放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,有时还可以放在主句的中间。如:As is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. 正如在报纸上所报道的,两国间的谈判有所进展。Grammar is not a set of dead rules, as has been said above. 如上所说,语法不是一套死条文。Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them.蜘蛛不是昆虫,尽管许多人都这样认为,它甚至与昆虫几乎没有联系。2. as 引导限制性定语从句,主要用于the same…as(与……相同),such…as(像……一样),as…as(与……一样)。如:(与She knew he felt just the same as she did. 她知道他的感受和她一样。Such a man with a good temper as Mr. Li is easy to get along with. 像李先生这样好脾气的人是容易相处的。He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford. 他抽一种他买得起的最贵的烟。
 
二、as作为从属连词引导时间状语从句
表示“当……的时候”或“>一边……一边”,强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生。如:I saw him as he was getting off the bus. 当他下公共汽车的时候我看见了他。The boy was singing a popular song as he was bicycling. 这男孩边骑车边唱歌。As she grew older, she became less active. 当她长大一点的时候,就变得不那么活泼了。As she grew older, she became less active.
 
三、as作为从属连词引导原因状语从句
as 引导的原因状语从句常放在主句前,表示“因为,由于”。如:As she is a model teacher, she gives a good example to others. 因为她是一名模范教师,她给其他人树立了一个好的典范。As he wasn’t ready in time, we went to the cinema without him. 由于他没有及时准备好,我们就去看电影了,没有等他。
 
三、as作为从属连词,引导让步状语从句
as引导让步状语从句比较特别,它要求将主语和谓语或谓语的一部分倒装。如:Old as he is, he is still full of energy. 尽管年纪大了,但他依然精力充沛。Try as she may, she never succeeds. 尽管她很努力,但总是不成功。Try as she may, she never succeeds. Much as I admire Mr. Wang as a poet, I don’t like him as a man. 尽管我喜欢王先生的诗歌,但我不喜欢他的为人。注:当倒装后置于句首的名词为单数可数名词时,习惯上不带冠词。如:Boy as he was, he was made king. 尽管他还是个孩子,却被立为国王了。

四、与其他词搭配使用构成从属连词引导从句
1. as if / as though。表示 “好像,仿佛”,引导表语从句或方式状语从句。如:It looks as if / as though it is going to snow. 看起来要下雪啦。He looks as if / as though he had seen a ghost. 他的脸色看起来好像他看见了鬼。He talks as if /as though he knew everything about it. 他说话的口气好像他已经全部都知道了。< it. about everything>
2. as [so] long as。“只要”,引导条件状语从句。如:< it. about everything>As [So] long as you can keep away from them, you will be safe. 只要你能远离他们,你就安全了。I’m happy as long as you are happy. 只要你幸福,我就感到幸福了。I’m happy as long as you are happy.
3. as [so] far as。表示“在……的范围内”,引导限制状语从句。多用于下列结构:as [so] far as I know(据我所知),as [so] far as I can see, as [so] far as I’m concerned(依我看)。如:(依我看)。如:As [So] far as I know, the couple have been abroad for about five years. 据我所知,这对夫妇已经出国约五年了。There’s only one thing to be done now, as far as I can see. 依我看。现在只有一件事情要做。
4. as soon as。表示“一……就”,引导时间状语从句。如:As soon as he got off the plane, he telephoned her girl friend. 他一下飞机就给他的女朋友打了个电话。He started as soon as he received the news. 他一得到消息就出发了。
总之,由于as的用法复杂,同学们在学习时一定要注意比较其在不同句子中的作用,判断其连接的是什么样的从句,多做一些关于相关练习,这样便可掌握其用法了。

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