沪江

直接引语变间接引语的时态变化

2008-05-08 17:10
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直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句为过去时态,变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个,即。如:一般现在时变为一般过去时,一般将来时变为过去将来时,现在进行时变为过去进行时,现在完成时变为过去完成时,一般过去时也变为过去完成时,等等(若直接引语为过去完成时,变为间接引语可以不变)。另外,若直接引语中有情态动词can, may等,也应变成过去式could, might等(情态动词must可以变为had to可以变为,也可不变,should, ought to, had better 等可以不变)。如:“I want to stay here.” he said. 他说。如:“我想留在这儿。”→He said that he wanted to stay there. 他说他想留在那儿。She said, “It’s raining very hard.” 他说。如:“雨下得很大。”→He said that it was raining very hard. 他说雨下得很大。Jim said, “I can speak Chinese.” 吉姆说。如:“我会讲汉语。”→Jim said that he could speak Chinese. 吉姆说他会讲汉语注意:(1) 若直接引语为客观真理,则变为间接引语时时态不变。如:He said, “The sun rises in the east.” 他说。如:“太阳从东方升起。”→He said that the sun rises in the east. 他说太阳从东方升起。(2) 有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语,变为间接引语时时态也可不变。如:He said, “ was born in 1988.” 说。如:“我是1988年生的。”→He said that he was born in 1988. 他说他是1988年生的。

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