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TED演讲:经济不平等如何危害社会(3/5)

2012-01-13 14:00
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【TED】是一个会议的名称,它是英文technology,entertainment, design三个单词的首字母缩写。它是社会各界精英交流的盛会,这里有当代最杰出的思想家,这里有当代最优秀的科学家,这里有迸发着最闪耀的思想火花,这里孕育着最光辉的梦想。

理查德·威尔金森认为收入差距巨大的社会通常是有问题的。理查德·威尔金森用硬数据制作了一系列关于经济失衡的图表,并列举了当贫富差距过大时,我们社会出现的问题,包括:健康、寿命、甚至基本价值观.

【本节目每天下午2点更新,欢迎订阅。】



【全文听写】

Hints:
homicide
sentence
proportion
extraordinarily
punitive
This is violence. These red dots are American states, and the blue triangles are Canadian provinces. But look at the scale of the differences. It goes from 15 homicides per million up to 150. This is the proportion of the population in prison. There's a about a tenfold difference there, log scale up the side. But it goes from about 40 to 400 people in prison. That relationship is not mainly driven by more crime. In some places, that's part of it. But most of it is about more punitive sentencing, harsher sentencing. And the more unequal societies are more likely also to retain the death penalty. Here we have children dropping out of high school. Again, quite big differences. Extraordinarily damaging, if you're talking about using the talents of the population. This is social mobility. It's actually a measure of mobility based on income. Basically, it's asking: do rich fathers have rich sons and poor fathers have poor sons, or is there no relationship between the two?
这张图是犯罪率。 红点表示美国各州, 蓝三角表示加拿大各省。 但是看看它们的数量差异。 谋杀率从每一百万 15 起 直到 150 起。 这是监狱囚犯的比率。 这是 10 倍的差距, 指数函数会放大这差距。 但监禁人数的变化范围 是从 40 到 400。 犯罪 并非这一关系的主要原因。 在一些地方,犯罪可以解释一部分原因。 但是更多的是严厉的审判, 或者说更苛刻的审判。 社会越是不平等 就越倾向于保留死刑。 这张图是儿童高中辍学状况。 同样,差距很大。 如果我们讨论社会人才的选拔, 就会发现这种差距的危害非常严重。 这张图是社会流动率。 实际上是基于收入的 流动率计算。 基本上,它所追问的是: 是否富爸爸有富孩子 穷爸爸有穷孩子, 或者这两者之间没有任何关系?
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