口译时常碰到发言人颇有文采地(或为融洽宾主关系)引用对方国家的古典诗词和经典佳句。此时如果译员平时不注意提高自己的文学素养就可能陷入困境。为了避免面对这样尴尬的镜框，平时训练的时候要学习一些常用熟语和引语的同时，培养根据上下文语境进行准确而灵活的、解释性翻译的能力。
熟语翻译
心照不宣：Give it an understanding but no tongue.
画蛇添足：to paint the lily
好高骛远：to aim at the moon
捡了芝麻，丢了西瓜：Penny wise, pound foolish
塞翁失马，焉知非福：a blessing in disguise
一个不成熟的想法：a green thought
引语翻译
有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎：It is such a delight to have friends coming from afar.
生于忧患，死于安乐：(As the ancient motto goes,) one prospers in worries and hardship, and perishes in ease and comfort.
在我当总理以来，我心里总默念着林则徐的两句诗：“苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之”: I will do whatever to serve my country at the cost of my life regardless of fortune and misfortune.
说起台湾，我就很动情，不由得想起了一位辛亥革命的老人、国民党元老于右任在他临终前写过的一首哀歌：“葬我于山上兮，望我大陆，大陆不见兮，只有痛哭。葬我于山上兮，望我故乡，故乡不可见兮，永不能忘。山苍苍，野茫茫。山之上，国有殇。”：When Taiwan is mentioned, lots of feelings well up. I can’t help thinking of the late Mr. Yu Youren, a founding member of Guo Ming Dang, and participant of the revolution of 1911. He wrote a poem to express his grief over national division. He wrote such a poem: bury me on the highest mountain top so that I can get a sight of my mainland, mainland I see none, tears of sorrow cascade; bury me on the highest mountain top so I can get a glimpse of my hometown, hometown I see none, but it lived forever in my mind. The lofty sky is deeply blue, the vast openness not seen through, oh, boundless universe,would you hear me, and this elegy of this nation?
十四、技术性话题(Interpreting Technical Speeches)
译员常被戏称为“万金油”，意指什么领域都懂一点，但又不是专家。这也表明了译员必须涉猎广泛，在很短的三五天里通过上网搜索、阅读相关材料从而达到相当于演讲者的知识水平。其实，译员并没有什么天才基因，可以在短时间内掌握“863”计划顶尖技术或三聚氢胺的分子构成，只不过他们知道发言人和听众都是“心有灵犀”的业内人士，需要的只是一些连接术语的逻辑关系而已，这样译员在了解相关背景知识以及工作程序后，也能很好地起到桥梁作用。当然，应该鼓励学生最好尽量熟悉话题，有条件的还应该选择一个方向作深入研究获推荐有专业背景的人来做这一话题。例如：
原文：
1、中医认为，阴与阳存在于人体内，相互作用，互为依存。根据中医的哲学观，阴阳两者对立制约，互根互用，消长平衡，相互转化。阴阳平衡是健康的要素，阴阳失衡会影响健康，导致疾病。因此，中医十分重视调节阴阳以保平衡。
2、We were aboard two US Air Force craft that flew at night from the United Kingdom to Israel, then back through the Azores to Florida. The path allowed us to observe the meteors—some no bigger than agrain of sand—from an altitude of 11-and-a-half kilometers. Images of the meteors were fed through infrared spectrographic-instruments that can detect the unique chemical fingerprints of complex organic molecules of the type that may have seeded life on earth.
译文：
1、The TCM science maintains that yin and yang, (the two opposing and complementary principles in nature,) exist in human body, mutually functional and dependent. According to the philosophical view of TCM, the two aspects of yin and yang are mutually promoting, proportionally changing with the decrease of one resulting in, or from, the increase of the other, and mutually transformational. The balance of yin and yang is essential for the maintenance of good health. And if the balance is upset, health will be hurt and illness will develop. Therefore, TCM pays close attention to the effort of regulating yin and yang and maintaining an appropriate balance between the two.
2、我们乘坐两架美国空军的飞机，晚上从英国飞往以色列，然后经过亚速尔群岛，飞回佛罗里达，这条航线使我们能够从11500米的高度观察流星雨，有些流星微小如沙。流星颗粒被摄入红外线摄谱仪，它能探测到那种可能在地球上播种生命的复杂有机分子的独特化学痕迹。
想成为一名优秀的翻译人员，平时的训练是必不可少的，只有积累得多了，才能在正式场合下少出问题。上面这些知识点大家要好好练习，反复琢磨，领会其中的含义。沪江小编希望大家在瞬息万变的考试或者口译现场，能够发挥出自己最大的能力。