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Multi-word verbs 短语动词

沪江英语 2017-05-24 22:35
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There are very many multi-word verbs (sometimes called phrasal verbs) in English and it’s very difficult to learn them all. It can sometimes be quite easy to guess the meaning (He picked up the pencil) but other multi-word verbs are less easy to guess (I picked up Italian quite easily when I lived there) and you should look them up in a good dictionary. When you record new multi-word verbs in your notebook it can be helpful to record what type they are.
英语中有很多多字动词(有时候又叫短语动词),要全部学会它们非常困难。有时候,你很容易就能猜出他们的意思,例如这句:He picked up the pencil。但是其他短语动词就不是那么容易去猜了,例如: I picked up Italian quite easily when I lived there。你需要找一本好的字典才能找出它们的意思。如果在笔记本记录下短语动词,这对你分清它们都是何种类型很有帮助。
Multi-word verbs are made up of a verb and a particle or, sometimes, two particles.
短语动词由一个动词加一个小品词或者两个小品词组成。

Separable
可分的

  • He cut the tree down.
  • He cut down the tree.

With separable verbs the verb and particle can be apart or together – the meaning doesn’t change.
可分的短语动词,是指动词和小品词可以是分开的也可以是在一起的,意思不受位置改变而改变。
Look at another example:
看另外一个例子:

  • Can you turn the radio down please?

However, when we use a pronoun – usually ‘it’ in place of the subject – it must come between the verb and the particle in separable multi-word verbs.
然而,当我们和代词一起用的时候,一般是放在主语的位置,代词必须放在动词和小词之间,这个时候该短语动词就是被分开的状态。

  • Can you turn it down please?
  • Can you turn down it please? is NOT possible.

Non-separable
不可分的

  • Who looks after the baby when you’re at work?

In non-separable verbs the verb and particle cannot be separated.
不可分的动词,动词和小词使用的时候不可以分开。

  • Who looks the baby after is NOT possible.

When there is a pronoun the verb and particle remain together.
当使用的时候用到代词的话,动词和小词也维持在一起的状态。

  • Who looks after her when you’re at work?

With two particles
带着两个小词的动词

  • Who came up with that idea? I don’t know how you put up with it.

There are a few verbs with two particles and they act like inseparable multi-word verbs.
有几个两个小词以上的动词,它们是不可分的短语动词。

Intransitive
不及物的

  • What time do you get up?
  • The plane took off and rose into the sky.

Intransitive verbs do not have an object. Multi-word verbs can also be intransitive.
不及物动词没有宾语。短语动词也可以是不及物动词。

声明:本内容为沪江英语原创整理,转载需征得同意后,注明出处【沪江英语】。

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