德语单词 德语动词可分前缀(英德对照)
ab- | auf- | bei- | mit- | vor- | weg- | zurück- |
an- | aus- | los- | nach- | vorbei- | zu- | zusammen- |
These prefixes are added to the infinitive and change the meaning of the
verb. Kommen is to come, but ankommen is to arrive.
When conjugated, the prefix goes to the end of the sentence.
Er kommt um fünf Uhr anmeans
"he is arriving at 5." But Er kommt um drei Uhr means
"he is coming at 3." With modals, the infinitive goes to the end of
the sentence as usual, but the prefix remains attached. Ich will
jetzt ausgehen means "I want to go out now."
Verbs with Separable Prefixes
abholen | to pick someone up | zuhören | to listen to |
ankommen | to arrive | mitnehmen | to take with |
anrufen | to call up | einsteigen | to board |
aufhören | to stop | vorbeikommen | to come by |
aufstehen | to get up | anzünden | to light (candles) |
ausfüllen | to fill in (the blanks) | ausgeben | to spend |
ausgehen | to go out | anziehen | to put on clothes |
aussehen | to look like, appear | ausziehen | to take off clothes |
einkaufen | to shop | ansehen | to look at, watch |
einpacken | to pack up | aufräumen | to tidy up (clothes) |
fernsehen | to watch TV | ausleeren | to empty |
austragen | to deliver | aufmachen | to open |
vorschlagen | to suggest | zumachen | to close |
wegstellen | to put away | anmachen | to turn on |
einschlafen | to fall asleep | ausmachen | to turn off |
anfangen | to begin | abräumen | to clear (the table) |
aufwachen | to wake up | zurückkommen | to come back |
auswandern | to emigrate | vorstellen | to introduce |
weggehen | to go away | aufwischen | to mop up |
abtrocknen | to dry (dishes) | abwischen | to wipe clean |
mitkommen | to come with | einladen | to invite |
anschauen | to look at | zusehen | to observe |